PAK301 Pakistan Studies

 PAK301 Pakistan Studies 

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What is ideology?

IDEOLOGY is a set of beliefs, values and ideals of a group and a nation.

2: What is the Ideology of Pakistan?

Ideology of Pakistan sought its roots from the religion of Islam. It basically means

that Pakistan should be a state where the Muslims should have an opportunity to

live according to their faith and creed based on the Islamic principles. They should

have all the resources at their disposal to prosper and to enhance Islamic culture

and civilization without any fear of being dominated by an unsympathetic Hindu

majority.

3: What is Two Nation Theory?

Two Nation Theory means that there were two major nations in the British India.

Both the nations were different and distinct from each other with regard to their

culture and civilization, language and literature, art and architecture, names and

nomenclature, sense of values and proportions, legal laws and moral codes, customs

and calendars, history and tradition, in short they had their own distinct outlook on

life and of life, so they would have their separate homelands

4: What was the Khilafat Movement/Tehrik-i-Khilafat?

The Khilafat movement was a religio-political movement launched by the Muslims

of British India for the retention of the Ottoman Caliphate and for not handing over

the control of Muslims' holy places to non-Muslims.

5: What was the Objectives Resolution?

The Objectives Resolution was the first constitutional document that proved

‘foundation’ of the constitutional developments in Pakistan. It provided parameters

and sublime principles to the legislators. It made the constitution-making process

easy task setting some particular objectives before them that would be acceptable to

the people of Pakistan

6. What was Hindi-Urdu controversy?

During the last days of the Muslim rule, Urdu emerged as the most common

language of the northwestern provinces of India. It was declared the official

language, and all official records were written in this language. In 1867, some

prominent Hindus started a movement in Banaras in which they demanded the

replacement of Urdu with Hindi, and the Persian script with the Deva Nagri script,

as the court language in the northwestern provinces. The reason for opposing Urdu

was that the language was written in Persian script, which was similar to the Arabic

script, and Arabic was the language of the Quran, the Holy Book of the Muslims. The movement grew

quickly and within a few months spread throughout the Hindu

population of the northwestern provinces of India. The headquarters of this

movement were in Allahabad. This situation provoked the Muslims to come out in

order to protect the importance of the Urdu language. The opposition by the Hindus

towards the Urdu language made it clear to the Muslims of the region that Hindus

were not ready to tolerate the culture and traditions of the Muslims. The Urdu-

Hindi controversy had a great effect on the life of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan. Before this

event he had been a great advocate of Hindu-Muslim unity and was of the opinion

that the "two nations are like two eyes of the beautiful bride, India". But this movement completely altered his point of view. He put forward the Two-Nation

Theory, predicting that the differences between the two groups would increase with

the passage of time and the two communities would not join together in anything

wholeheartedly

7: What was Swaraj (self-rule)?

Swaraj was meant that India should be ruled by Indians not by the Britains. It was

an objective to get the Britain leave the Indian subcontinent and establish a

government led by the Indians. In other words it was meant independence for India.

8: What kind of disagreement had Jinnah with Gandhi on the issue of Swaraj (self-

rule)?

Gandhi wanted the type of Swaraj that was awarded by the British to its other

colonies in which there were democratic governments (government by the majority).

Quaid-e-Azam was opposed to the kind of setup. He wanted self-rule suitable to

India and with due safeguards for the minorities. As the government by the

majority was meant Hindu Raj in the subcontinent. Quaid-e-Azam was against the

Hindu-Raj